Galaksilerde dolaşan kara delikler kozmik geçmişi kaydediyor

A Yale-led study suggests that black holes found away from galactic centres can preserve clues about both their own origins and the histories of their host galaxies. Galactic mergers may displace black holes, leaving them to wander for billions of years. This effect is especially strong in low-mass galaxies, whose weaker gravity pulls displaced objects back towards the centre less efficiently. The team used ASTRID, a cosmological simulation that follows dark matter, gas, stars and black holes across roughly 12.6 billion years. Unlike models that artificially fix black holes at galactic centres, ASTRID calculates the forces governing their movement. The simulation indicated that small galaxies retain information about their original populations of light or heavy black-hole “seeds.” It also linked star-forming small galaxies more often with wanderers, while inactive ones more often hosted centred black holes. The researchers propose combining X-ray, optical, infrared and radio observations to test this broader account of black-hole and galaxy evolution.